Synthesis and characterization of microporous granular activated carbon from Silver berry seeds using ZnCl₂ activation

Granular activated carbon (GAC) was synthesized from Silver berry (Elaeagnus Angustifolia L.) seeds using zinc chloride as the activation agent. To optimize operating parameters, effects of time and temperature carbonization, impregnation ratio, heating rate on iodine number yield were studied. Optimized parameters ratio 1:1, carbonization 500 °C, 1 hour, 5 °C/min. The GAC under optimized conditions characterized by Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, SEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR, Boehm titration, TG-TGA, TG-IR. It found that has a microporous structure with BET surface area 1109 m2/g, micropores volume 0.317 cm3/g, an average pore diameter 2.1 nm. methylene blue (MB) dye employed molecule model to evaluate porosity adsorption capacity GAC. results showed maximum MB percent portion (SMB/SBET) 120.48 mg/g 30.62%, respectively. experimental reveal can be used low-cost adsorbent for removal small large environmental pollutants.